Ritsema et al, 2020. Methods to detect shellfish.

An inventory and assessment of geophysical shellfish bed detection methods has been carried out for Rijkswaterstaat. The inventory included literature, a shellfish bed definition and detection criteria, interviewing geophysical service companies on current and near-market technologies and reviewing shellfish bed detection pilot experiments. Our analysis has resulted in an overview of promising geophysical techniques for detection of epifauna and infauna shellfish beds at potential sand production locations below 20 meters depth in the North Sea. Recommendations are given for future steps to test and build confidence in the technologies proposed.