KEC 5.0
The Framework for Assessing Ecological and Cumulative effects 5.0 (2024-2025) consists of
Part A:
Parts B:
• KEC 5.0. Report Part B Marine Mammals, Heinis et al, 2025; (pdf, 8.8 MB)
• Collision effects of North Sea wind turbines on bird species within the ‘Kader Ecologie & Cumulatie (KEC)’ 5.0. Actualisation of models, data and predicted mortality for Dutch offshore wind development scenarios. (pdf, 3.4 MB)
• Population level effects of displacement of marine birds due to offshore wind energy developments, KEC 5. (pdf, 5.1 MB)
• Impact of offshore wind farms on the North Sea ecosystem. Scenario study for the partial revision of the Dutch offshore wind planning. (pdf, 12 MB)
• New approach to quantitatively estimate bat casualties at offshore wind farms (pdf, 714 kB)
• Marine Strategy Framework Directive descriptors in relation to OWFs and Framework for Assessing Ecological and Cumulative Effects (KEC 5.0). (pdf, 751 kB)
Background documents:
• Letter report Seals. (pdf, 2.5 MB)
• Letter report Resident cetacean species in the North Sea. (pdf, 582 kB)
• Letter report Changes in Harbour porpoise distribution in the North Sea. (pdf, 593 kB)
• Knowledge update KEC5 density maps seabirds. (pdf, 636 kB)
ALI-thresholds
Memo ALI dempelwaardes (pdf, 136 kB) (in Dutch)